Cybersecurity Brief – 2025-04-29
Major Incidents and Breaches
- Marks & Spencer Ransomware Attack
- Marks & Spencer experienced significant operational disruption, including outages and warehouse worker furloughs, due to a ransomware attack attributed to the “Scattered Spider” group.
- Hitachi Vantara Ransomware Incident
- Hitachi Vantara took servers offline to contain an Akira ransomware attack, impacting business operations.
- VeriSource Data Breach
- Employee benefits firm VeriSource confirmed that a February breach exposed personal information of 4 million individuals.
- Urban One Data Breach
- Urban One, a major media company, disclosed a data breach following claims by a ransomware group.
- World Uyghur Congress Targeted by Malware
- Senior members of the World Uyghur Congress were targeted in a sophisticated malware campaign via a trojanized UyghurEdit++ tool, indicating ongoing cyber-espionage efforts against exiled Uyghur groups.
Newly Discovered and Actively Exploited Vulnerabilities
- SAP NetWeaver Visual Composer (CVE-2025-31324)
- Over 1,200 internet-facing SAP NetWeaver servers remain vulnerable to an actively exploited unauthenticated file upload flaw, allowing server hijacking. Attacks began before SAP released a patch.
- Craft CMS Zero-Day Flaws
- Two newly disclosed critical vulnerabilities in Craft CMS are being exploited in the wild, with hundreds of servers likely compromised.
- Broadcom Brocade Fabric OS and Commvault Web Server
- CISA added high-severity vulnerabilities in Broadcom Brocade Fabric OS and Commvault Web Server to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) database, indicating active exploitation.
- Pymatgen 2024.1 Remote Code Execution
- A high-risk remote code execution vulnerability has been disclosed in Pymatgen 2024.1.
- WooCommerce Phishing Campaign
- Attackers are distributing fake security patches to WooCommerce users, installing backdoors under the guise of critical updates.
Notable Threat Actor Activity
- Earth Kurma APT
- Newly identified APT group “Earth Kurma” has targeted government and telecom sectors in Southeast Asia since June 2023, using rootkits and cloud-based data theft tools.
- Scattered Spider
- Linked to the ransomware attack on Marks & Spencer, demonstrating continued targeting of UK-based large enterprises.
- AI-Powered Phishing and Commodity Tools
- Increased use of AI-powered phishing kits and automated attack tools is lowering the barrier to entry for less skilled threat actors.
Trends, Tools, and Tactics
- AI and Automation in Threat Landscape
- Attackers are leveraging AI, automation, and dark web resources to accelerate attack sophistication and frequency.
- Record DDoS Attack Volumes
- Cloudflare reported a 358% year-over-year increase in DDoS attacks, highlighting a surge in volumetric and application-layer attacks.
- Supply Chain and Update Risks
- Kali Linux users were warned of update failures due to a lost repository signing key, underscoring the importance of secure software supply chains.
- Surveillance Risks in Connected Vehicles
- Law enforcement agencies are increasingly exploiting data from internet-connected vehicle features for surveillance purposes.
Regulatory and Policy Developments
- CISA KEV Updates
- The U.S. CISA’s addition of new vulnerabilities to its KEV database may prompt UK organisations to review their own exposure and patch management processes.
- US DoJ Data Security Program
- New compliance rules from the US Department of Justice will require organisations to reassess data sharing practices, with potential implications for multinational firms operating in or with the US.
- Windscribe Legal Precedent
- Windscribe VPN was acquitted on charges regarding user data collection, reinforcing the legal standing of privacy-first service providers.
Other Notable Developments
- Operational Disruptions
- Ukrainian state and banking services were temporarily disrupted due to a data centre power outage, affecting government and corporate customers.
- Security Tooling
- Malwarebytes highlighted as a tool for combating online scams, reflecting ongoing emphasis on endpoint protection and anti-fraud solutions.
Summary of Key Risks
- Ransomware remains a significant threat to large enterprises, with notable UK impact.
- Actively exploited vulnerabilities in widely used enterprise software (SAP, Craft CMS, Broadcom, Commvault) require urgent attention.
- AI-driven attack automation and phishing are reshaping the threat landscape, enabling more actors to launch sophisticated campaigns.
- Regulatory changes and legal rulings are influencing data security and privacy practices globally.